Glossary

Also called Investment Advisor. External person/entity designated by the management company that advises the management company on the purchase and sale of investments and the investment activities of the fund. Of particular relevance when special expertise is required for valuation and/or selection of investments.

Describes the (desired) alignment of the intrinsically divergent interests of the sponsor (fund manager) and the investors of a fund through the fund agreement as a compromise bringing these interests as closely together as possible. An example is fund management making an investment in the fund, such that the fund manager has its own funds invested alongside the investors.

An alternative investment fund (AIF) is any collective investment undertaking which raises capital from a number of investors with a view to investing it in accordance with a defined investment policy for the benefit of those investors and which constitutes neither an operative company outside of the financial sector nor an Undertaking for Collective Investments in Transferable Securities (UCITS).

A section of the Style panel that contains CSS properties that affect an element's background, such as its background image, gradient, and fill color.

Une banque centrale est une institution chargée de mettre en œuvre la politique monétaire au nom d'un gouvernement ou d'une union monétaire. Elle est responsable de l'émission des monnaies fiduciaires, de la gestion des taux d'intérêt ainsi que de la surveillance du système bancaire. L'une de ses principales missions est d'assurer la stabilité de la monnaie et de l'économie.

A meta tag that sets a default URL that all relative URLs in a document will follow. If you set your base tag to "your-site.com/beta," a relative URL of "/landing-page" will become "your-site.com/beta/landing-page."

Das Bitcoin-Whitepaper wurde im Jahr 2008 von der Person oder Gruppe mit dem Pseudonym "Satoshi Nakamoto" veröffentlicht. Es ist ein Dokument, das die grundlegende Funktionsweise von Bitcoin beschreibt und die technischen Aspekte des Systems erklärt. Das Whitepaper hat die Basis für die Entwicklung von Bitcoin gelegt und diente als Grundlage für viele andere Kryptowährungen.

La blockchain est une base de données décentralisée et transparente utilisée pour enregistrer des transactions. Elle se compose d’une chaîne de blocs, chaque bloc contenant des informations sur plusieurs transactions. La blockchain est un élément central de nombreuses cryptomonnaies, car elle garantit la sécurité, la transparence et la confiance dans le système. Chaque bloc est relié au bloc précédent par des liens cryptographiques, assurant l’intégrité des données.

Un courtier en cryptomonnaies est une entreprise ou une plateforme qui permet aux utilisateurs d’acheter ou de vendre des cryptomonnaies. Contrairement aux plateformes d’échange qui permettent le véritable commerce de cryptomonnaies, un courtier en cryptomonnaies propose généralement un processus d’achat et de vente simplifié, souvent associé à un prix plus élevé. Un courtier peut également offrir des services supplémentaires, comme la possibilité d’échanger des cryptomonnaies contre des monnaies fiduciaires ou de les stocker dans un portefeuille. En général, les courtiers en cryptomonnaies conviennent particulièrement aux débutants sans expérience dans le trading de cryptomonnaies.

Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the leap into electronic typesetting, remaining essentially unchanged. It was popularised in the 1960s with the release of Letraset sheets containing Lorem Ipsum passages, and more recently with desktop publishing software like Aldus PageMaker including versions of Lorem Ipsum.

An element that links to pages, page sections, external links, emails, files, and telephone numbers. An element that can be clicked or interacted with to perform an action, like submitting forms or triggering an interaction or animation.

CBDC stands for "Central Bank Digital Currency" and refers to a digital currency issued by a central bank. Unlike cryptocurrencies, which are decentralized and not controlled by any central authority, a CBDC is issued and regulated by a government or central bank.

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A cryptocurrency is a digital currency secured by cryptography and based on a blockchain. Cryptocurrencies are decentralized systems in which transactions are conducted directly between participants without a central intermediary. Cryptocurrencies can be used as a medium of exchange or serve as an asset that can be held or traded.

Cryptography is a method used to securely encrypt and decrypt information. It protects data from unauthorized access and ensures that only authorized individuals can access it. Cryptography plays a crucial role in the security of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technologies by protecting transactions and data from manipulation and fraud. It helps strengthen trust in digital systems by ensuring that information is confidential, integrity-protected, and authentic.

Decentralization: Decentralization refers to the distribution of power, control, and data among various participants in a network. In the context of cryptocurrencies, decentralization means that there is no central authority or institution controlling the network. Instead, control is distributed among many participants, making the network more resistant to censorship and manipulation.

Deflation refers to a price correction occurring when there are more goods and commodities available on the market than there are buyers. The supply exceeds the demand. People no longer have enough money to purchase the goods, resulting in falling prices. Deflation can have positive effects like lower prices for consumers and higher profits for businesses, but it can also have negative impacts such as a downward spiral of low demand and declining economic activity. Governments and central banks often take measures to combat deflationand promote economic stability.

A digital currency is a type of currency that exists entirely in digital form and has no physical presence. Cryptocurrencies are an example of digital currencies that are secured and managed through the use of encryption technology.

Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is a method of storing and managing data across multiple computers in a network rather than storing it on a central server. A well-known example of DLT is blockchain technology, where transaction data is recorded in blocks connected through cryptographic mechanisms. DLT can help enhance the security and transparency of data by reducing vulnerabilities present in centralized systems.

DOGE (Dogecoin) is a decentralized digital cryptocurrency, often referred to as a memecoin, based on the internet meme "Doge." It was initially created as a joke but has gained popularity over the years and is now used by many as a form of digital tipping or alternative payment for goods and services. The number of Dogecoins is not limited, making it more susceptible to inflation compared to some other cryptocurrencies.

Double spending refers to the attempt to spend the same unit of cryptocurrency twice. In decentralized networks, this problem is solved through cryptographic mechanisms and confirmation of transactions to ensure that a unit of cryptocurrency can only be spent once.

ETH (Ethereum) is a decentralized platform that allows developers to program their own applications and smart contracts. The currency of Ethereum is called Ether and is used to perform transactions on the platform. Ethereum is more flexible than Bitcoin and enables developers to create customized applications on the platform.

ETC (Ethereum Classic) is a cryptocurrency and blockchain platform that emerged as a fork of Ethereum. The fork occurred after a major theft of Ethereum coins in 2016, and the Ethereum community decided to reverse the transactions to recover the stolen coins. A portion of the Ethereum community opposed this decision and remained with the original blockchain, which later became known as Ethereum Classic. Ethereum Classic has its own cryptocurrency, ETC, which is used as a means of payment on the platform and can also be used for executing smart contracts and decentralized applications (DApps).

Une plateforme d’échange de cryptomonnaies est une plateforme numérique où les utilisateurs peuvent acheter, vendre et échanger des cryptomonnaies. Il existe des plateformes centralisées et décentralisées : les plateformes centralisées sont gérées par une entreprise qui contrôle les fonds des utilisateurs, tandis que les plateformes décentralisées sont basées sur la technologie blockchain et ne disposent d’aucun contrôle centralisé. Certaines plateformes offrent également des fonctionnalités avancées, telles que le trading sur marge et le staking.

La Banque centrale européenne (BCE), basée à Francfort-sur-le-Main, est la banque centrale de la zone euro et est responsable de la politique monétaire dans l'union monétaire. La BCE joue un rôle crucial dans la fixation des taux directeurs et la surveillance de l'évolution de la masse monétaire pour maintenir la stabilité des prix dans la zone euro.

Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) refers to the fear of missing out on potential gains. FOMO can lead investors to act impulsively without sufficient research or proper risk assessment. This behavior can result in irrational decisions and excessive buying, which in turn can lead to inflated prices and potential losses.

Fear, Uncertainty, and Doubt (FUD) refers to the spread of negative information, rumors, or uncertainties to create doubt or fear among investors and diminish the value of a particular cryptocurrency or the cryptocurrency market as a whole.

Filecoin (FIL) is a decentralized storage protocol launched in 2020. The protocol allows users to rent storage space from other users to store their data. In return, users who provide storage space receive FIL tokens as rewards. Filecoin is based on blockchain technology and utilizes a proof-of-storage protocol to ensure the integrity of stored data.

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First-layer cryptocurrencies refer to digital currencies developed on their own blockchain platform, serving as the primary layer or base of the crypto ecosystem. These cryptocurrencies use their own native cryptocurrency as fuel to process transactions within the network and maintain network security through consensus mechanisms like proof-of-work or proof-of-stake. Some examples of first-layer cryptocurrencies are Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, Ripple, and Bitcoin Cash.

"But I must explain to you how all this mistaken idea of denouncing pleasure and praising pain was born and I will give you a complete account of the system, and expound the actual teachings of the great explorer of the truth, the master-builder of human happiness. No one rejects, dislikes, or avoids pleasure itself, because it is pleasure, but because those who do not know how to pursue pleasure rationally encounter consequences that are extremely painful. Nor again is there anyone who loves or pursues or desires to obtain pain of itself, because it is pain, but because occasionally circumstances occur in which toil and pain can procure him some great pleasure. To take a trivial example, which of us ever undertakes laborious physical exercise, except to obtain some advantage from it? But who has any right to find fault with a man who chooses to enjoy a pleasure that has no annoying consequences, or one who avoids a pain that produces no resultant pleasure?"

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The goldstandard is a monetary system where the value of a currency is backed by a fixed amount of gold. In such a system, people can exchange their banknotes or coins with the central bank for an equivalent amount of gold. The gold standard has been applied in various forms throughout history, but its heyday was in the 19th and early 20th centuries.

A hot wallet in the cryptocurrency market is a wallet that is connected to the internet and used for quick access to cryptocurrencies. It allows users to manage their cryptocurrencies online and perform transactions rapidly. However, since a hot wallet is connected to the internet, it carries a higher risk of hacks and theft compared to cold storage. Hot wallets are often used for daily use and small amounts, while larger amounts of cryptocurrencies are kept more securely in cold storage.

L’inflation désigne l’augmentation du niveau général des prix des biens et services dans une économie sur une période donnée. Cela entraîne une diminution du pouvoir d’achat de la monnaie. L’inflation peut avoir diverses causes, telles qu’une augmentation de la demande, la hausse des coûts de production ou une politique monétaire expansionniste. Une inflation modérée peut avoir des effets positifs, comme des incitations à la consommation et à l’investissement, tandis qu’une inflation élevée ou incontrôlée peut avoir des conséquences négatives, telles que l’incertitude et la dévalorisation des actifs.

Investing refers to the purchase of assets such as stocks, bonds, or cryptocurrencies with the goal of making a profit in the long term. It involves a willingness to take risks and invest capital over an extended period.

The benchmark interest rate in the financial sector is the rate at which the central bank of a country lends or accepts money from commercial banks. The benchmark interest rate serves as a tool of monetary policy and influences the overall interest rate structure in the economy. When the central bank lowers the benchmark interest rate, money becomes more available and cheaper, stimulating lending and investment. Conversely, an increase in the benchmark interest rate makes borrowing more expensive and can dampen economic activity. The benchmark interest rate affects, among other things, interest rates for loans, mortgages, and investments, and has implications for the economic activity and financial market of a country.

Know Your Customer (KYC) in the crypto market refers to the process of verifying the identity and customer information by exchanges and platforms. It is a measure to combat money laundering, terrorism financing, and other illicit activities. Users are required to prove their identity by submitting personal documents such as identification documents or address proofs to access certain features or higher trading limits.

LEO Token is a cryptocurrency token issued by the crypto exchange Bitfinex. The token was developed to enable a range of functionalities on the platform, such as trading cryptocurrencies, paying fees, and financing margin trades. LEO Token is also used for participating in Bitfinex's Initial Exchange Offerings (IEOs) and receiving discounts on trading fees.

The Lightning Network is a second-layer scaling solution for Bitcoin transactions that enables fast and low-cost transactions by conducting transactions off-chain and directly between participants. The Lightning Network uses smart contracts and multisignature addresses to build a secure and scalable transaction infrastructure. The Lightning Network is a significant step toward improving the scalability and user-friendliness of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies.

LTC (Litecoin) is a decentralized digital cryptocurrency based on Bitcoin technology but with some technical differences. It was designed to enable faster transactions and lower transaction fees than Bitcoin. Litecoin uses a proof-of-work consensus mechanism and has a higher block generation rate than Bitcoin, resulting in faster transaction confirmations. Litecoin is used as a medium of exchange for goods and services and can be traded on various cryptocurrency exchanges.

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Le métavers désigne un monde virtuel ou un écosystème composé de mondes virtuels interconnectés, habités par une communauté d’utilisateurs. Il peut être vu comme une forme de réalité augmentée où les utilisateurs créent des avatars numériques, interagissent entre eux, possèdent des actifs numériques et utilisent des services dans le monde virtuel. Le métavers a le potentiel de transformer de nombreux domaines comme le jeu vidéo, les réseaux sociaux, l’éducation, la santé et le commerce, et est considéré par certains comme la prochaine étape de l’évolution d’Internet.

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Money creation refers to the process of introducing new money into an economy. In traditional fiat money systems, this is achieved through central banks and the credit process by commercial banks. In cryptocurrencies, money creation is achieved through mining or staking.

Nodes are participants in the network of decentralized systems like blockchain that receive, validate, and propagate data and transactions. Each node has a copy of the blockchain, which is constantly updated, and all transactions stored in the blockchain are verified by the nodes to ensure they comply with the network's rules. Nodes can be either full nodes, which hold a complete copy of the blockchain, or lightweight nodes, which store only certain parts of the blockchain to save storage space. Nodes play a vital role in maintaining the integrity and security of the network by ensuring all transactions are correct and consistent.

Les obligations d'État sont des titres de créance émis par les gouvernements pour emprunter de l'argent aux investisseurs. Elles permettent aux gouvernements de financer leurs budgets et de soutenir des projets. Les investisseurs reçoivent des paiements d'intérêts et, à l'échéance, le capital investi leur est restitué.

Une transaction peer-to-peer est une transaction directe entre deux parties sans qu'une autorité centrale n'agisse comme intermédiaire. Cela signifie que la transaction a lieu directement entre les deux parties, sans qu’un tiers ne la surveille ou ne l’autorise. Les transactions peer-to-peer peuvent être utilisées dans divers domaines, notamment la technologie financière, où elles permettent aux utilisateurs d’envoyer et de recevoir des paiements sans avoir besoin d’une banque ou d’un autre prestataire de services de paiement. Dans le contexte du Bitcoin, le réseau peer-to-peer du protocole Bitcoin permet des transactions directes entre utilisateurs sans recourir à une autorité centrale.

La Private Key est un code secret associé à votre portefeuille qui vous permet de dépenser ou d’envoyer des cryptomonnaies. Si le Public Key est le numéro de compte, alors la Private Key en est le mot de passe. Il est crucial de garder votre Private Key en sécurité et de ne jamais la partager avec qui que ce soit, car une autre personne pourrait ainsi accéder à vos cryptomonnaies.

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Un Public Key est une longue chaîne de caractères qui sert d’adresse pour votre portefeuille de cryptomonnaies.
Vous pouvez le considérer comme votre numéro de compte bancaire. Vous partagez votre Public Key avec d’autres personnes ou entreprises lorsque vous souhaitez recevoir des cryptomonnaies.

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Les stablecoins sont des cryptomonnaies dont la valeur est indexée à un actif stable tel que le dollar américain, l’or ou d’autres monnaies fiduciaires. Ceci permet de minimiser les fluctuations de valeur de la cryptomonnaie et d’offrir une base stable pour les paiements et les investissements. Les stablecoins peuvent être échangés sur des plateformes de cryptomonnaies et permettent aux investisseurs de détenir des actifs numériques sans subir une forte volatilité.

La monnaie fiduciaire désigne une monnaie nationale telle que l’euro, le dollar américain ou le franc suisse, qui n’est pas adossée à une marchandise comme l’or ou l’argent. La valeur de la monnaie fiduciaire repose en grande partie sur la confiance du public envers l’émetteur de la monnaie, généralement le gouvernement ou la banque centrale du pays concerné.

A token is a digital unit created on an existing blockchain platform, usually used to enable specific functionalities within that platform. Tokens can serve as digital assets, means of payment, or participation rights within a network or platform. Examples of tokens are Filecoin for storage and Brave's BAT for application purposes in a web browser. Utility tokens are typically necessary to access certain features or provide incentives for using an application or platform.

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